血壓藥 - Betaloc comp

Medications

There are many classes of medications for treating hypertension "high blood pressure", together called antihypertensives, which — by varying means — act by lowering blood pressure. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5-6 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 40%, of coronary heart disease by 15-20%, and reduces the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from vascular disease.

The aim of treatment should be blood pressure control to <140/90 mmHg for most patients, and lower in certain contexts such as diabetes or kidney disease (some medical professionals recommend keeping levels below 120/80 mmHg).[4] Each added drug may reduce the systolic blood pressure by 5-10 mmHg, so often multiple drugs are necessary to achieve blood pressure control.

Commonly used drugs include:

ACE inhibitors such as captopril, enalapril, fosinopril (Monopril), lisinopril (Zestril), quinapril, ramipril (Altace)
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists: eg, irbesartan (Avapro), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), candesartan (Atacand)
Alpha blockers such as doxazosin, prazosin, or terazosin
Beta blockers such as atenolol, labetalol, metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL), propranolol.
Calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem, verapamil
Direct renin inhibitors such as aliskiren (Tekturna)
Diuretics: eg, bendroflumethiazide, chlortalidone, hydrochlorothiazide (also called HCTZ)
Combination products (which usually contain HCTZ and one other drug)


Betaloc Comp

This group of medicines is known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, beta-blocking agents, or, more commonly, beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are used in the treatment of high blood pressure (hypertension). Some beta-blockers are also used to relieve angina (chest pain) and in heart attack patients to help prevent additional heart attacks. Beta-blockers are also used to correct irregular heartbeat, prevent migraine headaches, and treat tremors. They may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Beta-blockers work by affecting the response to some nerve impulses in certain parts of the body. As a result, they decrease the heart's need for blood and oxygen by reducing its workload. They also help the heart to beat more regularly.

請問Betaloc Comp 是否血壓藥的其中一種? Yes, Betaloc Comp 是血壓藥的其中一種. 為選擇性之β1阻斷劑 (Beta Blocker)。
請詳述? Please see below information
學名: Metoprolol succinate (美托洛爾)
商品牌子名: Betaloc ZOK
藥物製造商: AstraZeneca
劑型: 藥片 (延長釋放)
香港註册編號:
HK-49649 (25毫克)
HK-34975 (50毫克)
HK-30850 (100毫克)
HK-30849 (200毫克)
孕婦用藥分級: C; D-如在懷孕中至末三個月第二期至第三期
藥理: Metoprolol 為選擇性之β1阻斷劑。Catecholamine 在運動或精神壓力下會被釋出，所引起的心跳、心輸出量、心肌收縮力及血壓之增加，會被Metoprolol 降低或抑制。
用途: 治療高血壓，心絞痛，及某種心衰竭(配合其他治療心衰竭藥物使用)。在心肌梗塞之急性期後，預防心肌之死亡及再梗塞。心律不整，特別是包括心室上心跳過速，使心房纖維性顫動之心室率及心室期外收縮頻率降低。有心悸症狀之功能性心臟疾病及預防偏頭痛。
劑量: 劑量由12.5毫克 – 200毫克，視乎個別病症及情況。通常每日一次。
用藥禁忌: 第2級或第3級之房室阻斷，代償不全之不穩定心衰竭 (肺水腫、血流灌注不足、低血壓)病人、連續性或間歇使用增強心肌收縮之β接受體激動劑之病人，竇性心跳過慢、竇病症候群，心因性休克，嚴重之周邊動脈循環疾患。懷孕第二至第三期婦女。
用藥注意: 要避免突然停藥，因可導致血壓回升，心跳過速、有心絞痛、心肌梗塞、猝死的危險。此藥有可能掩蓋血糖過低時所出現的徵狀，糖尿病人應注意。此藥可使氣管收窄，哮喘病人應小心使用。此藥可降低血壓，周邊動脈循環失調的病人應小心使用。孕婦、哺乳期婦女、甲狀腺功能亢進/甲狀腺毒症、肝病等病人應小心用。
常見副作用: 心跳遲緩、體位性低血壓、手腳冰冷、心悸、疲勞、頭痛、暈眩、噁心、腹痛、腹瀉、便秘、運動時呼吸困難。
其他副作用: 心衰竭症狀短暫性之惡化、第1級房室阻斷、水腫、前胸痛。針刺感覺、肌肉痙攣、嘔吐、體重增加、抑鬱、注意力受損、嗜睡或失眠、夢魘、支氣管痙攣、皮疹
藥物相互作用: 與Verapamil, Diltiazem等心臟血壓藥，Quinidine, Amiodarone等心律不齊藥合用，會使心肌收縮力減弱，心率減慢。與Rifamipicin抗肺結核藥合用，可降低Metoprolol血中含量。與Cimetidine胃藥合用，可增加Metoprolol血中含量。
病患者及家屬注意事項:
l 應在早上服用，每日一次
l 可將藥片分開一半，但不可壓碎或咀嚼
醫管局藥物分類: 通用藥物
藥物法例分類: P1S1S3（此藥為醫生處方藥物，須由藥劑師核實處方後配藥）
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