✔ 最佳答案
無論是電線的傳訊或是電腦中的hard disk都是靠0,1等化表著正負的訊息運作,為什麼??
電腦不像人,沒有高等的認知能力
人就可以聽出出多個不同的音,
但電腦不能
電腦只能讀"通電"和"不通電" (一開一合就成了電線傳訊息的方法)
hard disk的磁片儲存資料的方式也是相似, 分為"被磁化"和"未磁化"
早在1930年前就有二進制電腦的出現,一直沿用直今
(有的類比電腦不是用二進制,超快的)
(類比電腦相對很大,相對的很貴,訊號很難傳輸,雜訊很難克服,資料很難記錄,
連續的運算過程中,誤差會被放大;它有很多關卡很難克服,很難普及化。)
為什麼要被設計成二進制?
為了減少出錯的機會, 若電腦在讀訊號時不只是讀"開合", 加上 電壓, frquency等資訊的話,在短時間要處理大量資訊,必然hang機
電腦被設計成只能讀二進制的原因是,memory晶片是以0,1來儲存資訊,8個位為一組(group)
這樣可以分別代表0~256, 要代表大的數字,就以數組(group)來表示
In almost all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in groups of eight bits (called a byte). Each byte is able to represent 256 different numbers; either from 0 to 255 or -128 to +127. To store larger numbers, several consecutive bytes may be used (typically, two, four or eight). When negative numbers are required, they are usually stored in two's complement notation. Other arrangements are possible, but are usually not seen outside of specialized applications or historical contexts. A computer can store any kind of information in memory as long as it can be somehow represented in numerical form. Modern computers have billions or even trillions of bytes of memory.
********二進位和十六進位間很容易轉換。如11010111011000這個二進位數字我們可以把他分為0011 0101 1101 1000四組,以十六進位來表示則成為35D8。若要轉成8進位,則分為三個一組011 010 111 011 000 = 32730。
其他有關為何電腦要二進制的文章
http://tw.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/?qid=1105061009056
http://tw.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/?qid=1206112209389