halogenoalkand的實驗

1) Did you use ZnCl2 and HCl in the reaction? (Btw you wrote Zn2Cl which is very wrong because Cl has a valency of -1!) If you did, this combination makes what's called a 'Lucas Reagent'. This reagent is specially used to make alkylhalides.
First of all, HCl protons the -OH group of the starting material to give H2O, a better leaving group than -OH. Then ZnCl2 as a complex adds to the oxygen to make an even better leaving group. This means the bond now is quite weak and can be broken by a Cl ion. The ion attacks the carbon next door, the Zn-complex leaves, giving you the final product.
2) NaOH is a strong nucleophile (the -OH ion) and will displace the Cl in your final compound.
3) Precipitation of AgCl
4) I don't know where you can download a lab report - you should write you own!!
5) NaCl is 'brine' - it just simply takes the water droplets from your organic layer to make it easier to dry with MgSO4 (or Na2SO4) later.

1. heterogeneous catalyst (provide another reaction pathway with lower activation energy)
2. 因為OH 係strong nucleophile.佢會同個2-chloro-2-methylpropane react
3. mix然後有precipitation(AgCl). 因為呢個係SN1 reaction.