籃球的介紹(英文)快!!

Basketball is a sport in which two teams of five active players each try to score points against one another by throwing a ball through a 10-foot high hoop (the basket) under organized rules.

Points are scored by passing the ball through the basket from above; the team with more points at the end of the game wins. The ball can be advanced on the court by bouncing it (dribbling) or passing it between teammates. Disruptive physical contact (foul) is not permitted and there are restrictions on how the ball can be handled (violations).

Through time, basketball has developed to involve common techniques of shooting, passing and dribbling, as well as players' positions, and offensive and defensive structures. While competitive basketball is carefully regulated, numerous variations of basketball have developed for casual play. In some countries, basketball is also a popular spectator sport.

While competitive basketball is primarily an indoor sport, played on a basketball court, less regulated variations have become exceedingly popular as an outdoor sport among both inner city and rural groups. Competitive basketball is played indoors to limit the luck involved in the game, such as wind or rain.

History

The first basketball court: Springfield College.In early December 1891, Dr. James Naismith, a Canadian physical education student and instructor at YMCA Training School[1] (today, Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA, sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New England winters. After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly suited to walled-in gymnasiums, he wrote the basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-foot (3.05 m) elevated track. In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained its bottom, so balls scored into the basket had to be poked out with a long dowel each time. A soccer ball was used to shoot goals. Whenever a person got it in the basket, they would give their team a point. Whoever got the most points, they would win the game.[2]

Naismith's handwritten diaries, discovered by his granddaughter in Spring 2006, indicate that he was nervous about the new game he had invented, which incorporated rules from a Canadian children's game called "Duck on a Rock", as many had failed before it. Naismith called the new game 'Basket Ball'.[3]

The first official basketball game was played in the YMCA gymnasium on January 20, 1892 with nine players, on a court just half the size of a present-day National Basketball Association (NBA) court. "Basket ball", the name suggested by one of Naismith's students, was popular from the beginning.

籃球這種運動是由加拿大人奈史密斯(Naismith)所發明的。

奈史密斯從小就對體育有很大的興趣，當他從麥克吉爾大學畢業之後，
就到專門訓練神職人員的美國麻省春田學院當一個體育指導員，當時學
院中的室內運動相當缺乏，只有少數的體育器材及一些體操活動，而在
下雪的日子裡，學員們又無法從事室外的運動，所以時常因為無聊而顯
得情緒低落，奈史密斯為了要讓大家打起精神，就想起了一個小時候常

玩的團體遊戲：

兩隊共同爭奪一塊石頭，看誰先把石頭丟進地上的凹洞中就算勝利。

他以這個遊戲為基礎，以足球代替石頭，再將梨桶釘在運動場二樓兩端
懸空且突出的走廊當作凹洞，並且參考美式、歐式足球和冰上曲棍球的
規則，訂立了十三條遊戲規則。在一八九一年的聖誕節夕，籃球運動就

這樣產生了。







籃球簡介

球 場 球 場 大 小 約 為 5 0 ' x 1 0 0 ' , 而 三 分 線 離 籃 底 約 2 3 . 5 ' , 籃 框 離 地 3 米 o 另 外 , 籃 球 板 的 大 小 為 4 2 " x 5 4 " o 另 分 石 屎 地 ( 戶 外 ) 和 地 板 地 ( 室 內 ) o
球 員 人 數 : 5 控球後衛
得分後衛
大前鋒
小前鋒
中鋒