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Water pollution

Water pollution is created by dumping waste materials into steams, rivers and the sea. The pollutants include solid waste , liquid effluents ,and energy in the form of waste heat .

Sources of water pollution　
　
1)Domestic waste :　　
Waste water from household, including waste from flushed lavatories is often discharged into the sea without any treatment .

2)Industrial waste:

Factories discharge poisonous chemical waste products directly into rivers and streams.　
　
3)Oil spillage:

This happens when ships deliberately or accidentally release oil at sea. The ecological consequences of a large oil spill can be extremely serious.

Effects of water pollution
1) Waste materials which go into rivers and the sea may promote the growth of alage. Alage may use all the oxygen . The excess growth of alage is also the cause of red tides.

2)Because fish and other marine life cannot live in Hong Kong's dirty water, fishing boats have to travel further to find fish. As a result, we have to pay more for our seafood.

3) If marine plants die, the fish which feed on them die. If the fish die, the birds which feed on them will also die. The birds which feed on them will also die. The whole food chain is broken and we will have less food to eat.

4) Poisonous chemical waste which goes into the sea can affect fish. Human may be poisoned by eating these fish.

5) People who drink polluted water may catch cholera or typhoid.

6) People swimming in dirty water may develop ear or skin infections or other diseases.

7) Crude oil leaked into the sea from tankers can destroy beaches, marine life and birds.

The solutions - What Can You Do?

If you want to help keep our waters clean, there are many things you can do to help. You can prevent water pollution of nearby rivers and lakes as well as groundwater and drinking water by following some simple guidelines in your everyday lives.

- Conserve water by turning off the tap when running water is not necessary. This helps prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of contaminated water that needs treatment.

- Be careful about what you throw down your sink or toilet. Don’t throw paints, oils or other forms of litter down the drain.

- Use environmentally household products, such as washing powder, household cleaning agents and toiletries.

- Make sure that you take great care not to overuse pesticides and fertilisers. This will prevent runoffs of the material into nearby water sources.

By having more plants in your garden you are preventing fertiliser, pesticides and contaminated water from running off into nearby water sources.

Don’t throw litter into rivers, lakes or oceans. Help clean up any litter you see on beaches or in rivers and lakes, make sure it is safe to collect the litter and put it in a nearby dustbin.

1.air pollution
How it is caused :
i. Anthropogenic sources (human activity) related to burning different kinds of fuel
ii.Other anthropogenic sources, Oil refining, power plant operation and industrial activity in general.
Chemicals, dust and crop waste burning in farming, (see Dust Bowl).
Fumes from paint, hair spray, varnish, aerosol sprays and other solvents.
Waste deposition in landfills, which generate methane.
Military uses, such as nuclear weapons, toxic gases, germ warfare and rocketry.
iii. Natural sources
Dust from natural sources, usually large areas of land with little or no vegetation.
Methane, emitted by the digestion of food by animals, for example cattle.
Radon gas from radioactive decay within the Earth's crust.
Smoke and carbon monoxide from wildfires.
Volcanic activity, which produce sulfur, chlorine, and ash particulates.

2.The World Health Organization thinks that 4.6 million people die each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution.[The lack of ventilation indoors concentrates air pollution where people have greatest exposure times. Radon (Rn) gas, a carcinogen, is exuded from the Earth in certain locations and trapped inside houses. Researchers have found that radon gas is responsible for over 1,800 deaths annually in the United Kingdom.[citation needed] Building materials including carpeting and plywood emit formaldehyde (H2CO) gas. Paint and solvents give off volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as they dry. Lead paint can degenerate into dust and be inhaled. Intentional air pollution is introduced with the use of air fresheners, incense, and other scented items. Controlled wood fires in stoves and fireplaces can add significant amounts of smoke particulates into the air, inside and out. Indoor air pollution may arise from such mundane sources as shower water mist containing arsenic or manganese, both of which are damaging to inhale.

3. no-smoke , no driving , decrease number of vehicales , no air-conditioner,Switch-off all the lights and fans when not required.
4. Water Pollution kills !
Water Pollution , no fish no swin and no ocean

Name one kind of pollution
air pollution

how it is caused
too many transport ,factories

tell how this type of pollution affects the environment
use fuel to run the transport, manufacturing process--> fuel burn --> small particule come out --> create smog --> reflect sunlight --> greenhouse effect / global warming (human created)