语法高人请进!!!!

2007-04-30 11:15 pm
1) Jill isn't aware of the changes in the exam timetable.

句中的aware是什么成份?

2) They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself to the home.

为什么home前面要加the?
为什么是to而不是at?
为什么是to the home 而不是at home?

回答 (5)

2007-05-05 10:26 am
✔ 最佳答案
1) aware 是 adjective.

2)
「home」是一個很特別的字,我們先看看它不同的用法。

1. 首先,「at home」是一個特別的 adverbial phrase,意思是「在家」,我們不會說「at the home」。
例子:
I left my keys at home.
I stay at home.
(American speakers prefer "I stay home", see below)

2.「home」也可以直接用作 adverb。
例子:
I'm going home.
I'll be home.
I stay home.
所以,我們不會說「I'm going to home.」或「I'm going to my home.」。

3. 當「home」是一個 noun,我們通常都會是指定某人的「home」,所以,我們會用「my home」,「his home」,「their home」等等。

以上是「home」最常見的用法,所以會令我們以為「home」之前面不可以有 articles。其實,這個想法是錯誤的,當「home」作為一個普通的 noun 時,在它之前可以有 article!
-----
(You use "the home" or "a home" when you are talking about homes in general. ---- quoted from "Collins Cobuild English Usage", p.298)
-----
例子:
I want a home and children.
I had never had a home of my own.
The home I'm visiting is very comfortable.
India is the home of elephants and tigers.

不要因為少見「the home」,覺得古怪,而當它錯!


現在,讓我們討論:
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself to the home.

「confine to」的用法是 subject + confine + object + to + object。 「confine」之後的 preposition 必定是「to」,而且「to」之後是要跟 noun。

所以,我們不能寫
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself at home. (沒有了「to」)

也不能寫
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself to home. (「 home」在這裏不能是 adverb,而必須是 noun,所以要有 article 或 possessive determiners (e.g. my, his, etc))

但可以寫
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself to his home.

-----
PS
不能寫
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself in the house.(因為「confine」之後的 preposition 必定要是「to」)

可以寫
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself to the house.
2007-05-01 5:17 pm
首先多謝你的問題,很有啟發性,但這次我對於你第二句的句子就稍有疑問

先作答第一句:

1)在這句中aware的詞性是形容詞,所以你看到主動詞是is,但有一樣要注意aware若不是直接形容事物,而後面有片語或子句帶出時,後面要用of, that, wh..等。
如:
I am well aware that this is a tough job.
我深知這是一件棘手的工作。
She was not aware of having done wrong.
她沒有意識到做錯了事。
而第二句,就更加富挑戰性
2)首先一般home前後若無修飾語,就不會加冠詞
牛津出版的”實用英語語法(第四版)”,就有以下的一段解釋
”當home單獨使用,即前後不加修飾詞或修飾短語時,不用the:如He is at home......但是,當home之後前或之後帶有修飾詞或修飾短語時,其用法和其他名詞相同:We arrived at the bride's home.(我們到了新娘的家)”
這是正常的情況,但若home單獨使用時,前面卻有冠詞時,則這個home是另有所指,是指著一些地方,來提供住宿、服務給一些不能照顧自己的人
牛津字典第六版,在home以下的第五個解釋是這樣:
5. a place where people who cannot care for themselves live and are cared for by others(養老院,養育院)
e.g. She has lived in a home since she was six.(她六歲起就在保育院生活)(注:a home 並沒有題是a home for what,卻其他人已經知道)
a home, the home 這個說法,揚鐡樑就有這樣說法:




the的習慣法
有些名詞要加the,有些卻不用。這是習慣法。例如I go to the toilet、I go to the cinema有the字,但I go home卻沒有。若是I go to the home,就是說去療養院了。After being at sea for 20 days, the sailors at last saw land. 這裡的sea和land都沒有the,是習慣法。”
可到這個網站:http://www.rthk.org.hk/elearning/yangtl/studyroom_topic4_p1.htm
所以,你這句用the home實有點古怪
最後,要談confine的使用,confine必須跟”to/in”用,所以就不用at home
而confine sb/sth (in/ to sth)的意思是:keep (a person or animal) in a restricted space(禁閉/幽禁等)或 restrict or keep sb/sth within certain limits(限制)
而你的句子的意思是非常明顯的,大約是這樣:他們不明白像Vijay這樣才十多歲的少年人怎可以將自己關在家中。
但現在因有the home的用法,意思就變成:他們不明白像Vijay這樣才十多歲的少年人怎可以將自己關在照管院(可能是傷殘院)。
其實,我想這句最想表達的意思是:他們不明白像Vijay這樣才十多歲的少年人怎可以將自己關在屋裏。
所以若可以改句子的話,我會這樣寫:
They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself in the house.




2007-05-01 09:17:39 補充:
或者They don't understand how a teenager like Vijay can confine himself in his home.
2007-04-30 11:58 pm
aware 係 adjective

confine ... to ... 係 phrasal verb

其實我覺得 confine himself to home 都 ok 嫁。
2007-04-30 11:33 pm
1. 句中的aware是adjective.

2. confine 之後要用 to,, 所以不是at
而the home是因為to,, 所以to the home not at home
2007-04-30 11:24 pm
i think that the sentences are wrong (maybe).


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