nouns

noun = 名詞
e.g.animals:dog, cat, lion, elephant...
plants:flower, grass,tree...
place:hospital, restaurant, park ,shopping mall...
name:Tony, Tomy, Stella, Peter, John, May, Kathy, Cherry...

A noun, or noun substantive, is a part of speech (a word or phrase) which can co-occur with (in)definite articles and attributive adjectives, and function as the head of a noun phrase.

The word "noun" derives from the Latin nomen meaning "name", and a traditional definition of nouns is that they are all and only those expressions that refer to a person, place, thing, event, substance, quality or idea. They serve as the subject or object of a verb, and the object of a preposition. That definition has been criticized by contemporary linguists as being quite uninformative. For example, it appears that verbs like kill or die refer to events, and so they fall under the definition. Similarly, adjectives like yellow or difficult might be thought to refer to qualities, and adverbs like outside or upstairs seem to refer to places. But verbs, adjectives and adverbs are not nouns, so the definition is not particularly helpful in distinguishing nouns from other parts of speech.

Word classes like nouns were first described by ancient Greek and Sanskrit grammarians like Dionysios Thrax and Pāṇini, and defined in terms of their morphological properties. For example, in Ancient Greek, nouns can be inflected for grammatical case, such as dative or accusative, while verbs cannot be so inflected. Verbs, on the other hand, can be inflected for tenses, such as past, present or future, while nouns cannot. Aristotle also had a notion of onomata (nouns) and rhemata (verbs) which, however, does not exactly correspond our notions of verbs and nouns.

he,she,it,they,them,us,our,tony,amy,joey,david,yo yo,sammy,kelly....

crocodile...China...Jack...cat...[即系名...地方名...動物名...人名]