二次大戰時期有關印尼的問題

2007-04-14 11:58 pm
1940年5-6月,西歐的法國和荷蘭都被納粹德國攻佔,很多法國的殖民地就自動變由軸心國控制,好似日本在法國淪陷後就不費一兵一卒佔領法國在東南亞的殖民地越南、老撾及柬埔寨。但荷蘭在東南亞的殖民地印尼,在荷蘭本土淪陷後好似仍由盟軍控制,到太平洋戰爭爆發,日本要發動泗水海戰擊敗盟軍海軍,才能佔領印尼。為何印尼的宗主國荷蘭淪陷後,軸心國仍未能像越南般控制印尼?在荷蘭淪陷至太平洋戰爭開始這段期間,真正管治印尼的是哪個國家?

回答 (1)

2007-04-15 1:00 am
✔ 最佳答案
歐洲的荷蘭淪陷不致連亞洲的殖民地亦立即被日軍攻佔,當時日軍亦是由北面一直向南亞推進,當時管治印尼的仍是荷蘭的Dutch East Indies.1941-42年期間英美荷組成的盟軍仍在抵抗日軍.可參閱以下資料:
The Netherlands East Indies campaign was the shortlived defence of the Netherlands East Indies by Allied forces, against invasion by the Empire of Japan in 1941-42. This campaign belonged to the South West Pacific theatre of World War II.

General Hisaichi Terauchi (also known as Count Terauchi), who was the highest commander for the Southern Expeditionary Army Group, began the campaign with attacks against Borneo. On December 16, 1941, Japanese forces successfully occupied Miri, an oil-rich city in northern Sarawak. Nearby there was also an oil refinery built by Shell and its capture was considered important to secure the raw materials and supply line for the Pacific War.

Since January 1, 1942, Allied forces were grouped under the American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), led by the British General Archibald Wavell. However this command existed only for a few weeks and the control of ABDA area was handed over to local commanders, either to British or Dutch forces.

The campaigns includes


Battle of Borneo (1941-42)
Battle of Manado (1942)
Battle of Tarakan (1942)
Battle of Balikpapan (1942)
Battle of Ambon (1942)
Battle of Palembang (1942)
Battle of Makassar Strait
Battle of Badung Strait (1942)
Battle of the Java Sea (1942)
Battle of Sunda Strait (1942)
Battle of Java (1942)
Battle of Timor (1942-43)
The American-British-Dutch-Australian (ABDA) Command, code name ABDACOM, was a short-lived, supreme command for all Allied forces in South East Asia, in early 1942, during the Pacific War. The main objective of the command, led by General Sir Archibald Wavell, was to maintain control of the "Malay Barrier" (or "East Indies Barrier"), a notional line running down the Malayan Peninsula, through Singapore and the southernmost islands of Dutch East Indies. ABDACOM was also known in British military circles as the "South West Pacific Command", although it should not be confused with the later South West Pacific Area command (see below). Although ABDACOM was only in existence for a few weeks, and it presided over one defeat after another, it did provide some useful lessons for combined Allied commands later in the war.


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