✔ 最佳答案
protectionism = 貿易保護主義
貿易保護主義是一種為了保護本國製造業免受國外競爭壓力而對進口產品設定極高關稅、限定進口配額或其它減少進口額的經濟政策。它與自由貿易模式正好相反,後者使進口產品免除關稅,讓外國的產品可以與國內市場接軌,而不使它們負擔國內製造廠商背負的重稅。
貿易保護主義經常被人們與重商主義和進口替代聯繫起來。重商主義認為保持一個可觀的貿易順差對一個國家是很有利的。
取決於是否徵收關稅,貿易保護主義有兩個分支:傳統貿易保護主義(有意徵收關稅)和現代貿易保護主義(無意徵收關稅)。
The trade protectionism is one kind in order to protect our country
manufacturing industry to exempt the overseas competition pressure but
to be imported the product hypothesis extremely high customs duty, the
definition import quota or other reduced import amounts economic
policies. It just right is opposite with the free trade pattern,
latter causes the import product to avoid the customs duty, enables
foreign the product to be allowed to connect rails with the domestic
market, but does not cause them to bear the high taxes which the
domestic manufacture merchant shoulders. The trade protectionism
frequently relates by the people and the mercantilism and the import
substitution. The mercantilism thought maintains a considerable trade
surplus to a country is very advantageous. Is decided to whether
levies the customs duty, the trade protectionism has two branches: The
tradition trade protectionism (intends to levy customs duty) and the
modern trade protectionism (has no intention to levy customs duty).