Tenses

Simple Present (簡單現在式):

Subject + Verb (動詞原式)

a.常規/習慣(routine actions/habits)/ b.真理(General Truth)/ c.概括(Summarize) 等,
都可以用Simple Present Tense, 例句:
a. I always drink coffee in the morning.
b. Water boils at 100 degrees.
c. In this article, Mr. Smith discusses ways to increase your earning power.


Simple Past (簡單過去式):

Subject + Verb (動詞過去式)

當一件事情在過去已經發生並完成左(不論係一秒前, 或一萬年前)

例句:
I just missed the bus! Now I'm going to be late for school.
When dinosaurs walked the earth, there were no humans.


Present Perfect Tense (現在完成式):

Subject + have/has + p.p. of verb (過去分詞)

a. 一件事開始時是過去, 一直持續到現在
She has worked on the same job for 20 years.
(佢20年前開始做呢份工,做到今日仲做緊, 所以用現在完成式)

b. 一件事在過去已經完成, 但可能會再發生
We have had three tests this semester.
(由學期開始到而家已經有3 個測驗, 由於學期未結束, 可能仲有更多測驗)

c. 一件事在過去已經完成, 但無確實講明係幾時完成(或根本唔重要)
I have seen that movie.
He has read that book.

但當如果有問幾時, 個答案就會變成簡單過去式. 如:
A: I have seen that movie.
B: When?
A: I saw it yesterday.


Present Continuous (現在進行式):

Subect + is/am/are + verb (動詞+ing)

a. 一件事在說話時同時進行的動作
What is Linda doing?
She is sleeping (right now).

b. 一件事在最近e段時期做既
What is John doing these days?
He is working at the supermarket (these days).

c. 表示已經打算要做的事
When are you leaving on your vacation?
We are leaving on Friday.


Simple Future Tense (簡單將來式):

Subject + will/be going to + verb (動詞原式)

a. 當預計將要做一件事時, 用將來式
will 同 is/am/are going to 可以交替時用, 分別在於:
will 係決定左要做, 但亦有可能會改變.
We will go shopping tomorrow. (沒有計劃好, 可以隨時改變的)
而 be going to 就係一D 你已經plan 好左要做既野. 而件事一定會發生.
We are going to Japan tomorrow.
(已經買好了機票明天出發到日本,可能性極高, 所以用be going to)


就你問題答:
Q1.) have / has + ing 係嘜野式 ？？
應該係 have / has + been + verb + ing 吧?
係 Present Perfect Continuous (現在完成進行式)
如果唔係寫錯, 就可能係現在分詞, have / have + ing = having

Q2.) was / were + p.p 係嘜野式 ？？
係passive voice (被動式) 用於過去式
Q3.) will + Xx x x (？) 係嘜野式 ？？
係future tense (將來式)
Q4.) 嘜野式係 + s / es？？
簡單現在式動詞後 + s 或 es, 如 eat -> eats, go -> goes

e.g. 可唔可以( 以下 )
Anna will visit / is going to visit ( visit )grandma next Sunday.

你所講既 Key words, 唔知係咪呢D:
Since: I have lived here since 1990.
For: Joe has been sick for two weeks.
Just: Our neighbors have just bought a new car.
Yet: Has Ben graduated yet?
其他仲有: recently, lately, already.. 等等...

1.現在式:例如係Ben （walks） to school every day．walk要加s,因為它是第三聲單數.
2.過去式:(ago , yesterday , last week, this ｍorning……)
3.現在完成式(already , just yet , for three year since......)
4.現在進行式(Look!, now, listen! ,at this moment......)
5.將來式(tomorrow ,next year , soon ,in future ,tonight......)將來式的前面要加will。
was / were + p.p 係過去式+S例如:walks , plays....
+es例如:goes , watches....
to ,can...後面係唔轉
e.g. Anna will visit ( visit )grandma next Sunday.

2007-04-05 17:44:34 補充：
sorry,+ s / es的是現在式,例如:He 「goes 」to school by bus.

§ Simple Present & Simple Past Tense
動詞是表示事物的動作或狀態的詞。

就中文來說，如果要表示某動作或狀態是在過去、現在還是未來
發生，一般都要用動詞以外的其他詞來表示，而動詞本身並沒有
變化。

例如：

過去：兩年前我住在英國。

現在：現在我住在香港。

未來：明年我住在美國。
在上述的句子中，「兩年前」表示過去，「現在」表示現在，
「明年」表示未來，而動詞「住」並沒有變化。
就英文而言，如果要表示某動作或狀態是在過去、現在還是未來
發生，除了可用動詞以外的其他詞表示外，動詞本身亦要用不同
的形態來表示。

例如：

過去：I lived in England two years ago.
現在：Nowadays I live in Hong Kong.
未來：I shall live in America next year.
在上述句子中，為了表示不同的時間，動詞呈現出不同的形態：
"lived" "live" "shall live"。因此，英文的動詞是有時間性的，
即有「時態」Tense 可言。
什麼是時態？動詞為了表示不同的時間呈現出來的形態，就是動詞的
時態。

先介紹英文動詞的兩種時態：
1. Simple Present Tense ﹝一般現在時態﹞
動詞的一般現在時態的形態是：動詞的現在式
* 第七課提及，動詞主要有四種形式：
1. 現在式 Present Tense Form
2. 現在分詞 Present Participle﹝簡稱pr.p﹞
3. 過去式 Past Tense Form
4. 過去分詞 Past Participle﹝簡稱p.p﹞
動詞的一般現在時態主要表示：

(1) 現在的動作或狀態；
(2) 經常性的動作或狀態。

2. Simple Past Tense ﹝一般過去時態﹞
動詞的一般過去時態的形態是：動詞的過去式
動詞的一般過去時態主要表示：過去的動作或狀態。
* 這種時態的動詞常與表示過去的副詞同用。
例如：

現在：We go now.
Do we go now?
He goes now.

Does he go now?
過去：He went yesterday.
Did he go yesterday?
*"did"是助動詞"do"的過去式，幫助說明「過去」和表示「疑問」。

現在：We often read newspapers.
過去：We read that newspaper yesterday.
*"read"的過去式亦是" read"，只是讀音不同。

現在：Can you swim?
過去：Could you swim last year?
*"could"是"can"的過去式，幫助說明「過去」及「能夠」。

現在：You may go.
過去：You might go yesterday but why did you not go?
*"might"是"may"的過去式，幫助說明「過去」及「可以」。

現在：Where are you?
過去：Where were you yesterday?
*"were"是"are"的過去式。
I was / you were / he was / we were / you were / they were

現在：There are ten students in the classroom.
過去：There were ten students in the classroom.


現在：Why do you not go to school?
過去：Why did you not go to school yesterday?
*"go to school"表示為了上課而去學校，不用"the"；
"go to the school"表示為了其他目的而去學校，要用"the"。

Present Perfect Tense
動詞的現在完成時態的形態是：

have / has + 動詞的過去分詞
動詞的現在完成時態表示：

(1) 已經完成但與現在仍有關聯的動作或狀態；
(2) 過去已經開始並持續到現在的動作或狀態；
(3) 經驗過的動作或狀態。
例如：

I have written a letter now.
﹝我現在已寫完一封信。﹞
I have written a letter this morning.
﹝我今早己寫完一封信。﹞

* 如果說話時仍屬早上，句子是對的。

I have written a letter this week.
﹝我今個星期己寫完一封信。﹞

* 如果說話時仍屬這個星期，句子是對的。

I have written a letter this month.
﹝我今個月己寫完一封信。﹞

* 如果說話時仍屬這個月，句子是對的。

I have written a letter yesterday. ﹝錯誤﹞

* 說話時不屬於昨天，句子是錯的。

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