有關limiting reactant

Limiting reactant term normally is related to calculation of moles.

We would say that the limiting reactant controls the amount of product produced from a chemical reaction.

Example:
We have 23g of Na and 180g of water (H2O)
2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2

From the chemical equation:
no of mole of Na : no of mole of H2O = 1 : 1

1 mole of Na react with 1 mole of H2O to produce 1 mole of NaOH.

We have 23g of Na, 1 mole of Na. We also have 180g of H2O, 10 mole of H2O. At the end of reaction, 1 mole of Na is used up and 9 mole of H2O is left.

Then we will say that Na is the limiting reactant because the amount of output, NaOH is determined by amount of Na, not H2O.

Hope it is clear.

in a reaction that it is not a complete reaction(two reactants are used u at same time)
there is a limiting reactant,
it means that it is not enough in amount to cause a complete reaction(one of the reactant used up first)
for example,1g HCl react with 100gCaCO3
CaCO3 + 2HCl------>CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
in ideal complete reaction,
the mole of HCl : 1/36.5
so,in ideal the mole of CaCO3 is 1/73 mol
now,
the mole of CaCO3 : 100/100 = 1
so,CaCO3 is in excess,HCl is limiting reactant since it will used up first