香港旅遊景點-(山頂)既資料(10點呀)

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從山頂俯瞰維多利亞港夜景


太平山（英語：Victoria Peak），一般指「太平山山頂」因而被香港人簡稱為山頂（英語：The Peak），是香港島著名旅遊景點，因此有「遊港第一正選」之稱。相傳太平山原名「硬頭山」。後來，太平山又稱為扯旗山、爐峰或柯士甸山，此外亦曾被英國人以維多利亞女王的名字命名為維多利亞山，英文名稱則沿用至今。太平山海拔552米，是香港島的最高峰，亦是香港第11高的山峰。
太平山山頂的範圍包括爐峰峽、奇力山、觀龍角、歌賦山和種植道，是香港富有的人士和一些外國領使的居所。太平山山腳是香港的中心商業區，即中環和上環等地。山頂和山腳之間的地方則是稱為半山區的高尚住宅區。

特色
山頂是香港的主要旅遊景點之一，每年吸引超過六百萬人次的香港市民和外地遊客前往。山頂除了是一個購物中心外，還可以清楚看到中環及維多利亞港及對岸九龍的風景，深受市民及旅客歡迎。除此之外，由於早年已有不少英國人在此定居，因此也留有不少歷史建築，如獅子亭。


歷史


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1870年代的太平山山腳
相傳100多年前清朝海盜張保仔盤踞港島時，曾利用此山峰作為瞭望台。因常用旗語聯絡，每遇船隻即以扯旗為號，通知海上同黨，故稱「扯旗山」（粵語中「扯」有懸掛的意思）。
1842年，香港正式開始受到英國的統治。英國人為宣示主權，因此於山頂懸掛英國國旗。此為「扯旗山」字源的另一說法。
由於交通不便，要靠轎子上落山，故當時居住的人士不多，1880年代時只有約40戶。隨後因為山頂景色優美，氣溫清涼，所以逐漸吸引了更多的外藉人士居住。為應付交通需求，山頂纜車於1888年通車。其後於1904年，香港政府立例禁止華人在太平山頂居住，至1947年才廢止。

Victoria Peak (Chinese: 太平山頂 and other alternatives; see below) is a mountain in Hong Kong. It is also known as The Peak locally, and Mount Austin in some maps or documents. The mountain is located in the southwestern part of the Hong Kong Island. With an altitude of 552 m, it is the highest mountain on the island, although far from the highest in the territory.
The actual summit of Victoria Peak is occupied by a telecommunications facility and is closed to the public. However the surrounding area comprises a mixture of publicly accessible parkland, and high value residential land, and it is this area that is normally meant by the name The Peak. The Peak offers spectacular views over central Hong Kong, the Harbour and surrounding islands, and is a major tourist attraction.

History
The early history of the Peak was driven by the breezes and generally cooler temperatures which could be found there during Hong Kong's sub-tropical summers, especially in the days before air conditioning was generally available. This made the area a desirable retreat for Hong Kong's more affluent residents. The summer home of Governor Sir Richard MacDonnell was built there around 1868. Other wealthy residents followed suit.[1]
The original residents reached their homes by sedan chair, which were carried up and down the steap paths by their personal staff of uniformed bearers. The difficulty of access limited the development of the Peak, a situation that would remain until the opening of the Peak Tram funicular railway in 1888.[1][2]
The boost to accessibility given by the opening of the Peak Tram increased the demand for residences on the Peak. Between 1904 and 1930, the Peak Reservation Ordinance designated the Peak as an exclusive residential area reserved for Europeans and government officials, as well as reserving the Peak Tram for the use of such passengers during peak periods. The Peak remains an upmarket residential area, although residency today is controlled by wealth rather than race.