what does a manager do??

The phrase "management is what managers do" occurs widely, suggesting the difficulty of defining management, the shifting nature of definitions, and the connection of managerial practices with the existence of a managerial cadre or class.

Mary Parker Follett (1868–1933), who wrote on the topic in the early twentieth century, defined management as "the art of getting things done through people". One can also think of management functionally, as the action of measuring a quantity on a regular basis and of adjusting some initial plan; or as the actions taken to reach one's intended goal. This applies even in situations where planning does not take place. From this perspective, Frenchman Henri Fayol considers management to consist of five functions:

Planning
Planning is the (psychological) process of thinking about the activities required to create a desired future on some scale. This thought process is essential to the creation and refinement of a plan, or integration of it with other plans. The term is also used to describe the formal procedures used in such an endeavor, such as the creation of documents, diagrams, or meetings to discuss the important issues to be addressed, the objectives to be met, and the strategy to be followed. Beyond this, planning has a different meaning depending on the political or economic context in which it is used.

Organizing
Organizing is the act of rearranging elements following one or more rules. It can also be seeing as the opposite of messing up. One organized opposite could be disordered, since ordered is almost synonymous. The difference between ordered and organized is that something is only ordered as long as it is both organized and standardized.

Leading
House defines "leadership" organizationally and narrowly as "the ability of an individual to influence, motivate, and enable others to contribute toward the effectiveness and success of the organizations of which they are members".[1] Organizationally, leadership directly impacts the effectiveness of costs, revenue generation, service, satisfaction, earnings, market value, share price, social capital, motivation, engagement, and sustainability.[citation needed] Leadership is the ability of an individual to set an example for others and lead from the front. It is an attitude that influences the environment around us.[citation needed]

Compare the discussions on group leadership and ad hoc leadership above. One can also characterize leadership by the period of the authority, as in "During the 1940s Russia was under Stalinist leadership". In formal hierarchies the term can also serve to describe the position or relationships which allow and legitimize the exercising of what one might term "leadership behavior".

Co-ordinating
A concise and clear general definition is from (Malone and Crowston, 1991): "Coordination is the act of managing interdependencies between activities."

Coordination or Co-Ordination is "the ability to reduce all-together, in oder to generate an only one all." (Alessio Bissoli, 2006)

Coordination, co-ordination is the regulation of diverse elements into an integrated and harmonious operation. Coordination means integrating or linking together different parts of an organization to accomplish a collective set of tasks.

In chemistry, a coordination compound refers usually to metal complexes of various kinds. Co-ordinating can also involve the organization of a group. It can be used in politics, for coherent action of different public Administration in the same country (i.e. between a State and a Federal Administration).


Controlling
To order, limit, instruct or rule something, or someone's actions or behaviour

好似未code 哂。
仲有係冇比到出處。

They all are English~