✔ 最佳答案
我是唸管理的。你可參考以下理論。只要以下提及的三個因素都處於高水平。人便會努力以赴地工作。
. Expectancy Theory (期望理論) – A process theory about work motivation that focuses on how employees make choices among alternative behaviors and levels of effort.主張人們的工作的動機來自於藉由努力所達成的績效所換取酬賞的期望值,此酬賞須為當事人所重視。期望理論的焦點不單純放在員工個人的工作動機上(意指個人願意努力的方向、強度和持續力),亦含蓋了環境面的成份在內,它共考慮三個因子:
- Valence (回報價值) : In expectancy theory, the desirability of an outcomes to an individual. (expectancy) 預期所換得回報對個人的價值。(這樣的回報對我自己有什麼好處?)
- Instrumentality (回報期望) : In expectancy theory, a perception about the extent to which performance of one or more behaviors will lead to the attainment(達到) of a particular outcome. 期望達成的績效可以換得的回報。(這樣的績效表現可以換來什麼回報?)
- Expectancy (績效期望) : In expectancy theory, a perception about the extent to which effort will result in a certain level of performance. 期望努力所以可以達成的績效表現。(我要付出多少努力可以換來預期的績效表現?)
(c) SUNNET