✔ 最佳答案
因為射擊者可以向他選定的任意目標射,且每個決鬥者對于確定射擊假設每個決鬥者對于確定射擊目標都算計無誤,所以每個人都會向射擊率較高的存活者先射擊。
抽簽有以下6種情況,而欄A、B及C則是在各種情況下之存活率(截止小數後4個位):
A之存活率 B之存活率 C之存活率 詳細計法
ABC 0.5 0 0.5 -(1)
ACB 0.5 0 0.5 -(1)
BAC 0.1 0.3556 0.5444 -(2)
BCA 0.05 0.4444 0.5056 -(3)
CAB 0.25 0.4444 0.3056 -(4)
CBA 0.05 0.6222 0.3278 -(5)
A之存活率
= (0.5+0.5+0.1+0.05+0.25+0.05)/6
= 0.2417
B之存活率
= (0+0+0.3556+0.4444+0.4444+0.6222)/6
= 0.3111
C之存活率
=(0.5+.0.5+0.5444+0.5056+0.3056+0.3278)/6
= 0.4472
所以C活下來的可能性最大,其次是B,最後是A。
(所以,鋒芒過露也不是太好的)
詳細計法:
(1) 假設次序是ABC
A的存活率是 = 0.5(因為他一定能殺死B,如果C的0.5機會率不中他,他就可以殺死C)
B的存活率是 = 0(因為A一定先殺死B)
C的存活率是 = 0.5(因為A一定先殺死B,如果的0.5機會率射中他,就可以殺死A)
假設次序是ACB:計法和上面差不多。
(2) 假設次序是BAC
A的存活率是 = 0.2 * 0.5(因為唯有B的0.2機會殺不死他,他就會殺死B,但又要C的0.5機會率不中他,他才可以殺死C)
B的存活率是 = (0.8*0.5*0.8) + (0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8) + (0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8) +(0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8) ..........(因為B有0.8的機會率殺死A,否則B就死定了;然後C的0.5機會率射不中他,他又用0.8的機會率射死C......但若又不中,他又要因為C的0.5機會率射不中他,他才有機會用0.8的機率射死C......數式會是無限,但約數會是0.3556)
C的存活率是 = (0.2*0.5) + (0.8*0.5+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5)......約數會是0.35444 不再詳細解釋了,共要依以上思路,就可得出有關方程式。
(3) 假設次序是BCA
A的存活率是:
=0.2*0.5*0.5
B的存活率是:
=(0.8*0.5*0.8+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8......) + (0.2*0.5*0.8+0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8......)
C的存活率是:
=(0.8*0.5+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5......)+(0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5......)+(0.2*0.5*0.5)
(4) 假設次序是CAB
A的存活率是:
=(0.5*0.5)
B的存活率是:
=(0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8......)
C的存活率是:
=+(0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5......)+(0.5*0.5)
(5) 假設次序是CBA
A的存活率是:
=0.5*0.2*0.5
B的存活率是:
=(0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8......)+(0.5*0.8*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.8......)
C的存活率是:
=(0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5......)+(0.5*0.8*0.5+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5+0.5*0.8*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5*0.2*0.5......)+(0.5*0.2*0.5)