各位認識marketing既朋友，唔該幫幫手丫

Consumer Buying Process

Six Stages to the Consumer Buying Decision Process (For complex decisions). Actual purchasing is only one stage of the process. Not all decision processes lead to a purchase. All consumer decisions do not always include all 6 stages, determined by the degree of complexity...
The 6 stages are:

Problem Recognition(awareness of need)--difference between the desired state and the actual condition. Deficit in assortment of products. Hunger--Food. Hunger stimulates your need to eat.
Can be stimulated by the marketer through product information--did not know you were deficient? I.E., see a commercial for a new pair of shoes, stimulates your recognition that you need a new pair of shoes.
Information search--

Internal search, memory.
External search if you need more information. Friends and relatives (word of mouth). Marketer dominated sources; comparison shopping; public sources etc. A successful information search leaves a buyer with possible alternatives, the evoked set.
Hungry, want to go out and eat, evoked set is

chinese food
indian food
burger king
klondike kates etc
Evaluation of Alternatives--need to establish criteria for evaluation, features the buyer wants or does not want. Rank/weight alternatives or resume search. May decide that you want to eat something spicy, indian gets highest rank etc.
If not satisfied with your choice then return to the search phase. Can you think of another restaurant? Look in the yellow pages etc. Information from different sources may be treated differently. Marketers try to influence by "framing" alternatives.
Purchase decision--Choose buying alternative, includes product, package, store, method of purchase etc.
Purchase--May differ from decision, time lapse between 4 & 5, product availability.
Post-Purchase Evaluation--outcome: Satisfaction or Dissatisfaction. Cognitive Dissonance, have you made the right decision. This can be reduced by warranties, after sales communication etc.
After eating an indian meal, may think that really you wanted a chinese meal instead.

http://www.udel.edu/alex/chapt6.html
Business Buying Process

Problem recognition
General need description
Product specification
Supplier search
Proposal solicitation
Supplier selection
Order-routine specification
Performance review

http://72.14.235.104/search?q=cache:j2YCDDg_NZkJ:home.aubg.bg/faculty/MSlavova/armstrong05_basic.ppt+%22Business+buying+process%22&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=5&gl=hk