✔ 最佳答案
反式脂肪,又稱為反式脂肪酸或逆態脂肪酸。英語為Trans Fatty Acid。他的名字來源於他的化學結構,其分子包含位於碳原子相對兩邊的反向共價鍵結構,和「順式脂肪」比較起來此反向分子結構較不易扭結。
反式脂肪酸屬不飽和脂肪酸,為食品業者以植物油為原料透過部分「氫化」處理所產生的油脂
研究顯示反式脂肪含量高的飲食和諸如心臟動脈疾病以及動脈硬化等疾病有關聯性。研究顯示如果每天攝入反式脂肪5克,心臟病的發病幾率會增加25%。而在美國平均每人每年的攝入量是2.1公斤。一些國家已經立法限制食物裡反式脂肪的含量與使用。 紐約市為了消費者健康把關,率先全美,通過一項禁止餐飲業者使用含有反式脂肪的製品,引起食品業者反彈,不過為了消費者健康,包括麥當勞在內的大型速食店,己經開始減少反式脂肪的使用。
In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid often with a long unbranched aliphatic tail (chain), which is either saturated or unsaturated. Carboxylic acids as short as butyric acid (4 carbon atoms) are considered to be fatty acids, while fatty acids derived from natural fats and oils may be assumed to have at least 8 carbon atoms, e.g. caprylic acid (octanoic acid). Most of the natural fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms, because their biosynthesis involves acetyl-CoA, a coenzyme carrying a two-carbon-atom group.
Concerns have been raised for several decades that consumption of trans fatty acids might have contributed to the 20th century epidemic of coronary heart disease.2
Metabolic studies have shown that trans fats have adverse effects on blood lipid levels--increasing LDL ("bad") cholesterol while decreasing HDL ("good") cholesterol. This combined effect on the ratio of LDL to HDL cholesterol is double that of saturated fatty acids.3
Trans fats have also been associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease in epidemiologic studies.4
Based on the available metabolic studies, we estimated in a 1994 report that approximately 30,000 premature coronary heart disease deaths annually could be attributable to consumption of trans fatty acids.4