漢代的歷史(英文)

About Han Dynasty.



The Han dynasty followed the Qin dynasty, when the Great Walls were built and the Terracotta Army was entombed. In turn it was followed by the Three Kingdoms, well known from the classic novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, written in the 14th century and attributed to Luo Guanzhong. This golden age of Chinese chivalry fell between the Han and Jin dynasties.



Chinese people consider the Han dynasty one of the greatest periods of China’s history. Members of the ethnic majority of Chinese people still call themselves “People of Han”. During the Han, China prospered and the empire extended its political and cultural influence over Vietnam, Central Asia, Mongolia and Korea.



Throughout the Qin and Han dynasties China’s most formidable opponent was the Xiongnu (Huns), who from time to time rode south and raided the Chinese cities along the borders. The raids prompted the Qin to build the first Great Walls. For almost 70 years the Han court had to buy peace – which usually lasted only two or three years – by sending princesses of the Han royal family to be married to the Xiongnu king.



But when Wu Di (the sixth Han emperor, from (140BC – 87BC) took over, he had just two things on his mind: strike back and trade. He spent almost six years learning the Hun tactics and 10 years preparing for war. Wu reformed the army by building up and improving the cavalry, buying and smuggling in better breeds of horses from the Huns and from Central Asia (today’s Turkistan). He also adopted new technology from the west to produce better steel for arms. The route to the west, also known as the Silk Road, opened up trade, exporting Chinese silk as far as Rome, the world’s other superpower.

After the Qin dynasty perishes, an item of feather and Liu Bang launched four year Chu Chinese war. Liu Bang in under Xiao Ho, Han Hsin, person's under the and so on Zhang Liang assistance, has defeated west a Chu overlord item of feather war of in the Gaixia, officially proclaims oneself emperor in 202 B.C., decides the dynasty name Chinese, the Han Dynasty starts in light of this. Although 202 B.C. Liu Bang only then proclaims oneself emperor, but when the history calculates Western Han Dynasty year several, in order to perishes the time docking with the Qin dynasty, then from 206 B.C. Liu Bang called "the Chinese king" calculates, and take October as Chinese great-great grandfather first year first month.

Western Han Dynasty main clause: Western Han Dynasty After the Chinese great-great grandfather enters the pass to attempt Zhang Qian to go abroad on a diplomatic mission western region chart Chinese great-great grandfather Liu Bang to ascend the base, uses Uncle Sun T'ung the suggestion, restores the etiquette assigns Prime Minister Xiao Howei, adopts rests, the quietism and inaction yellow old policy with the people.

The Han Dynasty (Traditional Chinese: 漢朝; Simplified Chinese: 汉朝; Hanyu Pinyin: Hàn cháo; Wade-Giles: Han Ch'ao; 206 BC–AD 220) followed the Qin Dynasty and preceded the Three Kingdoms in China. The Han Dynasty was ruled by the prominent family known as the Liu clan.

The reign of the Han Dynasty, lasting 400 years, is commonly considered within China to be one of the greatest periods in the entire history of China. As a result the members of the ethnic majority of Chinese people to this day still call themselves "People of Han" This is because during this time the Han ethnic group became dominant in China, and is still dominant today. During the Han Dynasty, China officially became a Confucian state and prospered domestically: agriculture, handicrafts and commerce flourished, and the population reached over 55 million. Meanwhile, the empire extended its political and cultural influence over Korea, Mongolia, Vietnam, and Central Asia before it finally collapsed under a combination of domestic and external pressures.

The first of the two periods of the dynasty was the Former Han Dynasty (Simplified Chinese: 前汉; Traditional Chinese: 前漢; pinyin: Qiánhàn) or Western Han Dynasty (Simplified Chinese: 西汉; Traditional Chinese: 西漢; pinyin: Xī Hàn) 206 BC–AD 9, seated at Chang'an. The Later Han Dynasty (Simplified Chinese: 后汉; Traditional Chinese: 後漢; pinyin: Hòu Hàn) or Eastern Han Dynasty (Simplified Chinese: 东汉; Traditional Chinese: 東漢; pinyin: Dōng Hàn) 25–220 was seated at Luoyang. The western-eastern Han convention is currently used to avoid confusion with the Later Han Dynasty of the Period of the Five Dynasties and the Ten Kingdoms although the former-later nomenclature was used in history texts including Sima Guang's Zizhi Tongjian.

This article is about the majority ethnic group within China.
The Han (Simplified Chinese: 汉族 or 汉人; Traditional Chinese: 漢族 or 漢人; pinyin: hànzú or hànrén) is an ethnic group originating from China. As the ethnic group forming the majority of the Chinese population, it is the largest single human ethnic group in the world, numbering over 1.3 billion people. The Han people constitute about 92 percent of the population of mainland China and about 19 percent of the entire global human population. There are substantial genetic, linguistic, cultural and social differences between its various subgroups. Thousands of years of regionalized assimilation of various ethnic groups and tribes in China is the primary reason for this diversity within the Han. The Han are traditionally symbolized by the colour red.