vi,vt

vi. (不及物動詞 intransitive verb)
An intransitive verb is a verb that has only one argument, that is, a verb with valency equal to one. In more familiar terms, an intransitive verb has a subject but does not have an object. For example, in English, the verbs sleep, die, and swim, are intransitive.



vt. (及物動詞 transitive verb)
a transitive verb is a verb that requires both a subject and one or more objects. Some examples of sentences with transitive verbs:

- Mary sees John. (John is the direct object of "sees")
- You lifted the bag. (bag is the direct object of "lifted")
- I punished you. (you is the direct object of "punished")
- I give you the book. (book is the direct object of "give" and "you" is the indirect object
of "give")

Those transitive verbs that are able to take both a direct object and an indirect object are called ditransitive; an example is the verb give above. Verbs that require a single object are called monotransitive. There are a few verbs that take on the tritransitive form, which requires four arguments as opposed to needing three for a ditransitive verb or just two for a transitive verb.

vi (不及物動詞/verb intransitive)
這種verb可以單獨用,後面不一定有名詞,但句子都屬完整
eg:
1)I sleep.
2)I jump.
3)I cry.
4)I read./I read the book.(read又是vi,又是vt)


vt (及物動詞/verb transitive)
這種verb不可以單獨用,後面一定要有名詞,句子才是完整
eg:
He will notify the police of the incident.(notify解作"通知",我們不能說"他會通知",要說"他會通知警方",才是完整的句子

2007-01-16 12:50:24 補充：
我說vi後面"不一定有名詞",其實是"沒有名詞"才對