慢性阻塞性肺病

COAD是Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease (慢性呼吸道疾病)

而COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)就是COAD的舊稱~

COAD分4級~
第一級 -- 病者有臨床之徵狀,並被診斷為COAD,但生 活、活動完全與常人無異,亦不受此病影響.

第二級 -- 病者活動能力輕微減退.

第三級 -- 病者活動被嚴重影響.

第四級 -- 病者只餘少量活動能力.

第五級 -- 病者完全失去活動能力,即使完全臥床仍感氣喘.


REMARKS::
COAD/COPD是氣管，支氣管，肺葉長期受捐，由長期抽菸或空氣污染等使得肺部產生「慢性支氣管炎」或「肺氣腫」所引起氣流阻塞之一種病況。這種氣流阻塞通常為緩慢進行性，患者主要症狀為長期咳嗽有痰或呼吸困難。

COAD/ COPD is meaning the same thing
just use a different abbreviation
COAD = chronic obstructive airway disease
COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COAD is more accurate in terms of describing what is really happening

most commonly seen in smokers
the 4 grades quite accurately described by the previous answer
gradings are there to help to guide treatment/ drug use
(also need to consider if there is any component of asthma)

usually can confirm just by asking the patient what is the problem
more definite testing will need lung function tests
usual treatment in form of puffs
sometimes need oral medications
can have flare ups, more common in cold weather