三峽工程的好處和壞處(非常緊急*)英文版

中文版"

**好處

1.防洪。洪水是長江流域中最嚴重和分佈最廣的自然災害。三峽水庫的防洪庫容量達221億立方米，能抵禦千年一遇洪災。可減輕長江中、下游平原地區的洪澇災害。

2.發電。三峽工程中發電站共裝機26台，年平均發電量840億千瓦小時，以50萬伏超高壓電纜為華中、華東、川東地區送電。估計每年可替代煤炭4,000萬噸及減輕鐵路幹線運載化石燃料的壓力。

3.航運方面，三峽工程完結後，河道形的水庫令壩址以上庫區航道達600公里，輪船可直達重慶市。由武漢至重慶，3000噸船隊可整年通航，大大改善了長江的航運業。

4.改善庫區內的生活水平。三峽地區是我國貧窮地區之一，工程建設十年，國家對三峽庫區投資近四百億元人民幣，不僅提高了移民安置的質量，新建的工業區亦較有規模和現代化。庫區的國內生產總值達七百八十四億元，農民人均收入一千七百七十四元，分別是一九九三年的兩點五和七點三倍。



**壞處

1.破壞自然生態﹕長江有珍貴的白暨豚、揚子鱷、中華鱘和胭脂魚等。水庫蓄水後，水質、水溫、流速和含氧量都會作出改變，直接影響江中植物、微生物和魚類的生長，令大部份魚類的數量減少甚至是絕種。

2.庫區的污染問題﹕三峽水庫是一河道形的水庫，流速較慢，沖散污染物的能力將會大大減低，三峽內的污染問題將會惡化。

3.移民所帶來的問題﹕庫區的生態環境已很脆弱，森林覆蓋率低，水土流失嚴重，缺乏足夠的開發空間。內遷的移民將會開闢更多的耕地，進行陡坡種植，生態環境將會大受破壞。

4.破壞文物古跡﹕長江三峽是我國民族發源地之一，文物古跡有108處，例如有白帝城、張飛廟和石寶寨等。水庫蓄水後，水位上升，大部份文物將會被淹沒。


英文版''


** advantage

1. Flood prevention. The flood is in the Yangtze valley is most serious and the distributed broadest natural disaster. The Three Gorges reservoir flood prevention storehouse capacity amounts to 221 hundred million cubic meters, can resist the millennium as soon as to meet the flood disaster. May reduce in Yangtze River, the downriver plain area flooding disaster.

2. Electricity generation. In the Three Gorges Project the power station altogether installs equipment 26, the annual mean power rate 840 hundred million kilowatt-hours, take 50 ten thousand volts ultrahigh voltage electric cables as Central China, East China, eastern Sichuan province area power transmission. The estimate may substitute the coal 4,,000 ten thousand tons and reduce the railroad skeleton line delivery fossil fuel every year the pressure.

3. The shipping aspect, after the Three Gorges Project termination, the river course shape reservoir makes above the dam site the storehouse district navigation 600 kilometers, the steamboat to be possible to go directly to Chongqing. By Wuhan to Chongqing, 3,000 tons fleets may put in order the year to be open to navigation, greatly improved Yangtze River's shipping industry.

4. Improves in the storehouse district the living standard. The Three Gorges area is one of our country poor areas, engineering construction ten years, country to Three Gorges storehouse district investment nearly 400 hundred million Yuan, not only enhanced the immigration placement quality, the newly built industrial district also comparatively has the scale and the modernization. Storehouse district GDP amounts to 784 hundred million Yuan, the farmer average per person income 1,774 Yuan, respectively was 1993 two 5 and 7.3 times.

** fault

1. Destruction natural ecology ﹕ Yangtze River has precious Bai Chit'un, the Yangzi alligator, the Chinese sturgeon and the rouge fish and so on. After the reservoir stores water, the water quality, the water temperature, the speed of flow and the oxygen content can make the change, directly affects in the river the plant, the microorganism and the fish growth, is reduced the major part fish quantity even is the kind.

2. The storehouse district contamination concern ﹕ Three Gorges reservoir will be a river course shape reservoir, the speed of flow is slower, washes out the pollutant the ability to be able greatly to decrease, in Three Gorges' contamination concern will be able to worsen.

3. The immigration brings question ﹕ storehouse district ecological environment already very frail, the forest covers Ge Lvti, soil erosion is serious, lacks the foot development space. Moves to the interland the immigration will be able to open more farming, will carry on the steep slope planter, the ecological environment can greatly destroy.

4. The destruction cultural relic historical site ﹕ Three Gorges of the Yangtze River is one of our country nationality places of origin, the cultural relic historical site has 108, for example has the Baidicheng, Zhang Feimiao and Shi Paochai and so on. After the reservoir stores water, the water level rises, the major part cultural relic could submerge.

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