請問zns(硫化鋅)的化學性質,物理性質,晶體結構,特徵及原產地

Zinc sulfide


圖片參考：http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wurtzite-unit-cell-3D-balls.png/150px-Wurtzite-unit-cell-3D-balls.png


Above left: sphalerite, above right: wurtzite.


Systematic name
Zinc sulfide

Other names
Zinc sulphide

Molecular formula
ZnS

Molar mass
97.475 g mol−1

Density
4.090 g cm−3

Solubility (water)
insoluble

Melting point
1991 K

Boiling point
? °C

CAS number
[1314-98-3]

Disclaimer and references
Zinc sulfide (or zinc sulphide) is a chemical compound with the formula ZnS. Zinc sulfide is a white to yellow colored powder or crystal. It is typically encountered in the more stable cubic form, known also as the mineral sphalerite. The hexagonal form is also known both as a synthetic material and as the mineral wurtzite. Both sphalerite and wurtzite are intrinsic, wide-bandgap semiconductors. The cubic form has a band gap of 3.54 eV at 300 K whereas the hexagonal form has a band gap of 3.91 eV.
A transition from the sphalerite form to the wurtzite form occurs at around 1293.15 K. Sphalerite melts at 1991 K. It has a standard enthalpy of formation of −204.6 kJ mol−1 at 298 K.

[edit] Applications
ZnS was used by Ernest Rutherford and others in the early years of nuclear physics as a scintillation detector, because it emits light on excitation by x-rays or electron beam, making it useful for x-ray screens and cathode ray tubes. It also exhibits phosphorescence due to impurities on illumination with blue or ultraviolet light.
Zinc sulfide, with addition of few ppm of suitable activator, is used as phosphor in many applications, from cathode ray tubes through x-ray screens to glow-in-the-dark products. When silver is used as activator, the resulting color is bright blue, with maximum at 450 nm. Manganese yields a yellow color. Copper provides long glow time and the familiar glow-in-the-dark greenish color. Copper doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu) is used also in electroluminescent panels.
Zinc sulfide is also used as an infrared optical material, transmitting from visible wavelengths to over 12 micrometres. It can be used planar as an optical window or shaped into a lens. It is sometimes known by the trademarked names Cleartran or Irtran-2.
It can be doped as both n-type semiconductor and p-type semiconductor, which is unusual for the II-VI semiconductors. ZnS is a covalently bonded solid.

zns is a formula.

For example:
Zinc sulfide (or zinc sulphide) is a chemical compound with the formula ZnS. Zinc sulfide is a white to yellow colored powder or crystal. It is typically encountered in the more stable cubic form, known also as the mineral sphalerite. The hexagonal form is also known both as a synthetic material and as the mineral wurtzite. Both sphalerite and wurtzite are intrinsic, wide-bandgap semiconductors. The cubic form has a band gap of 3.54 eV at 300 K whereas the hexagonal form has a band gap of 3.91 eV.

A transition from the sphalerite form to the wurtzite form occurs at around 1293.15 K. Sphalerite melts at 1991 K. It has a standard enthalpy of formation of −204.6 kJ mol−1 at 298 K.

Applications:
ZnS was used by Ernest Rutherford and others in the early years of nuclear physics as a scintillation detector, because it emits light on excitation by x-rays or electron beam, making it useful for x-ray screens and cathode ray tubes. It also exhibits phosphorescence due to impurities on illumination with blue or ultraviolet light.

Zinc sulfide, with addition of few ppm of suitable activator, is used as phosphor in many applications, from cathode ray tubes through x-ray screens to glow-in-the-dark products. When silver is used as activator, the resulting color is bright blue, with maximum at 450 nm. Manganese yields a yellow color. Copper provides long glow time and the familiar glow-in-the-dark greenish color. Copper doped zinc sulfide (ZnS:Cu) is used also in electroluminescent panels.

Zinc sulfide is also used as an infrared optical material, transmitting from visible wavelengths to over 12 micrometres. It can be used planar as an optical window or shaped into a lens. It is sometimes known by the trademarked names Cleartran or Irtran-2.

It can be doped as both n-type semiconductor and p-type semiconductor, which is unusual for the II-VI semiconductors. ZnS is a covalently bonded solid.