酸與醇的反應?

2007-01-02 11:23 am
酸能否燒燃?
醇能否溶解金屬?

回答 (1)

2007-01-02 5:48 pm
✔ 最佳答案
Do you mean organic acid? In the case of mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, the answer is negative. If you means organic acid, the answer depends but very likely positive. For organic acid, there is a carboxylic functional group. Whether the molecule can combust or not depens on the carbon chain. In case of formic acid and acetic acid, since the carbon chain is very short, it is difficult to provide carbon and hydrogen for combustion purpose. However, if the carbon chains are getting longer, there are more carbon and hydrogen provided for combustion. These kind of orgainc acid can be burnt.
Whether alcohol can dissolve metals, it also depends on the size of alcohol and the reactivity of the metals. In general, the normal metals in our daily life such as steel or copper will have no reaction with alcohol. However, in case of group I metal such as sodium or potassium, they readily react with alcohol to give hydrogen and corresponding salt.
R-OH + Na ------> RONa + 1/2 H2
However, when the carbon chains is getting bigger, its reactivity towards the group I metal will reduce since the size of the alkyl group stopped the reaction. The hydrophobic nature of the alkyl group is not able to stablize the charged species after the reaction.

I hope the above information can help!


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