f.2 geog

1_They have limited choice,
For example, Tom lives in The rural area of Hawaii which is nearby a active volcano, he has no money to move his family to Urban, that means he has no choice and he has to stay,

2_People do not want to leave their family and friends
Tom has lots of friends live in the unstable areas, and Tom knows nobody in Urban, So this is a social factor which make him to stay.

3_The areas provide more job opportunities
Tom may face unemployment if he move to urban and he has no skill to fit the job which is required and necessary for the job in urban.So it is a income and employment factor which drives Tom to stay in unstable areas

4_People underestimate the damage caused by earthquakes
This is a education factor, People who lacks of education may don't know the harm of living in unstable areas.

So , The answer seem to be D

d. (1),(2),(3),(4)