地震對那些人造成影響?

無家可歸者、垂死臨終者、孤獨者和大廈防震設計不足裏居民。
特別係日本 我有篇文參考
日本政府在十一月十七日宣布,建築師姉齒秀次在東京市與鄰近地區設計的二十棟公寓大廈與一間飯店,並不符合日本嚴格的防震標準。政府表示,有十三棟大樓防震功能極差,發生中級強度的地震很可能承受不了。最驚人的是,姉齒秀的設計不符法規並非因為錯誤或者無能,而是因為他蓄意偷工減料、省下諸如加強鋼筋的成本,然後偽造安全資料,顯示他的建築符合規定。姉齒秀次在記者會中承認偽造資料,他說開發商以及聘用他的營造公司要求他降低成本,他在壓力之下屈服了。上週在日本國證會上,木村營造公司(姉齒秀次設計許多棟大樓都是這間公司蓋的)常務董事篠塚秀明(譯音)否認向姉齒秀次施壓,要他違反安全規定。「我說的是在合法的範圍之內壓低價格」,他表示。
姉齒秀次的欺騙範圍有多大,目前仍在發掘中。己經有二十一家有問題飯店關門,在他設計下防震功能最差的大樓也有數百名居民撤離。姉離秀次有些大樓被政府認定為是安全的,但是其中有居民決定要撤出。東京建築師事務所協會每天接到一百通電話,都是擔心地震的屋主打來的從前一週只有兩通)。上週在東京市外一處戀崖底下還發現一名曾經與姉齒秀次共事的建築師的屍體。警方尚未公佈死因,但懷疑是自殺。姉齒秀次大地震己經成傷,但餘震可才剛剛開始。
Japanese Government announced in November 17 , Architect tooth Xiu time with is close to the local design in Tokyo 20 apartment building and a hotel, Does not conform to the Japanese strict quakeproof standard. Government expression , Some 13 building quakeproof function misses extremely , Had the intermediate intensity earthquake to be very possible not to be able to withstand . Most astonishing is , tooth Xiu's design not symbol laws and regulations because by no means wrong or incompetent, But is because he cheats on labor and materials deliberately , saves such as strengthens the steel bar the cost,Then forge security material, Demonstrated his construction conforms to the stipulation. tooth Xiu time can hit in reporter acknowledges the forge material,He said the developer as well as hires him the building company to request him to reduce the cost, He submitted under the pressure. Last week at Japanese card meeting, The wooden village building company (tooth Xiu time designs many buildings all is this company clearly covers) managing director tomb Xiu (transliteration) to deny to the tooth Xiu time exerts pressure, Wants him to violate the safe stipulation . “ I said am pull down the price in the legitimate scope ” , He expressed.
the tooth Xiu time deceit scope has in a big way,At present still in excavating. Oneself after has 21 to have the question hotel to close , Under his design the quakeproof function worst building also has several hundred inhabitants to evacuate. to a Xiu some building by the government was recognized for is safe, But has the inhabitant to decide must withdraw . Tokyo Architect Office Association receives every day 100 telephones, All is worried earthquake the room host hits a former week only then two) . Last week loved under the cliff outside Tokyo also to discover once architect's corpse which time worked together as colleagues with tooth Xiu . The police not yet announcethe cause of death , But the suspicion is the suicide. tooth Xiu big earthquake oneself after becomes the wound,But the aftershock might only then just start .

地震前兆
地震前兆是地震特別是較大的地震發生之前的各類異常現象。分為宏觀前兆和微觀前兆。前者可以由人的感覺器官直接覺察，如動植物、地下水等的異常以及地光、地聲等。後者不能被人的感覺器官直接覺察，需用專業儀器才能測出，如地形變、地磁場、重力場、地溫、地應力的異常等。對地震前兆的觀察和監測是地震臨短期預報的重要手段。

地震災害
地震是地球上主要的自然災害之一。地球上每天都在發生地震，其中大多數震級較小或發生在海底等偏遠地區，不為人們所感覺到。但是發生人類活動區強烈地震往往會給人類造成巨大的財產損失和人員傷亡。通常來講，芮氏3級以下的地震釋放的能量很小，對建築物不會造成明顯的損害。人們對於芮氏4級以上的地震具有明顯的震感。在防震性能比較差切人口相對集中的區域，芮氏5級以上的地震就有可能造成人員傷亡。

地震產生的地震波可直接造成建築物的破壞甚至倒塌；破壞地面，產生地面裂縫，塌陷等；發生在山區還可能引起山體滑坡，雪崩等；而發生在海底的強地震則可能引起海嘯。餘震會使破壞更加嚴重。地震引發的次生災害主要有建築物倒塌，山體滑坡以及管道破裂等引起的火災，水災和毒氣泄漏等。此外當傷亡人員屍體不能及時清理，或污穢物污染了飲用水時，有可能導致傳染病的爆發。在有些地震央，這些次生災害造成的人員傷亡和財產損失可能超過地震帶來的直接破壞。