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Ohm's law states that, in an electrical circuit, the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference applied across them provided all physical conditions are kept constant.
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A voltage source, V, drives an electric current, I , through resistor, R, the three quantities obeying Ohm's law: V = IR
In mathematical terms, this is written as:
圖片參考:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/math/2/a/8/2a8eabc66c332d4f93c269082317d6f1.png
,
where I is the current, V is the potential difference, and R is a proportionality constant (for the circuit defined) called the resistance. The potential difference is also known as the voltage drop, and is sometimes denoted by E or U instead of V.
The SI unit of current is the ampere; that of potential difference is the volt; and that of resistance is the ohm, equal to one volt per ampere. The law is named after the physicist Georg Ohm, who published it in 1826.