English F.3 Participle Phrase

Present Participle Phrase

a. This is used in an active sense, that is the action in the participle phrase is one which the subject actively performs

Example:

Realizing that there was no hope to save his business, he gave up.
In the above sentence, the action "realizing" in the participle phrase (underlined) is actively performed by the subject "he".

b. The action in the present participle phrase is immediately followed by another by the same subject.

Example:

Seeing such a terrible scene, she fainted.

Participle can be classified into present participle and pasticiple participle.

Participle phrase (Present Participle) can be used as a noun phrase.
e.g. Making friend with Tommy is my the greatest mistable in my life.

Another use. (Active)
e.g. Discussing the problem with other, Peter realizes my problem is inadequate preparation.

Please note that:
1
"Discussing" is to take the subject "Peter." i.e. Peter has discussed his problem with someone.

It is wrong to write:
Discussing the problem with others, no one can tell what Peter problem is.

2
[Participle phrase / participle] does not deal with tense
so, the example above, if in past tense, should be:
Discussing the problem with other, Peter realized my problem is inadequate preparation
(Not to use "Discussed")