momentum?? impulse??

The physical meaning of momentum is m (mass) x v (velocity) , which is derived from the equation : F= ma

F= ma
F= m(v-u)/t
F=(mv - mu)/t

The purpose for the scientists to derive mv as momentum is to make solving the problems more easily as we don't need to consider about the acceleration of the body.

And for inpulse, it derived as the changes of momentum , that's N(force) x t(time).
For examle , a ball with mass m moves with an initial velocity v hits the wall and rebounds with a same speed and the collision time is 0.02s , we can write down,

F.(0.02) = -mv-mv , which F.(0.02) is the impulse.

We can see that the change of momentum of the object throughout the motion will not change , so the inpulse will not be affected by time ,on the contrary, the collision force will be affected. When the collision time is longer , the force is smaller.

And concerning the inpulse work...actually I don't know about it or even I never heard about it....sorry

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity
Eg. a car with 100 kg with 50 m/s, its momentum is 100 * 50 = 5000kgm/s

Impluse is the difference between the inital momentum and the final momentum which changeing with the time
Eg. a car with 100kg with inital velocity is 50m/s, and it use 4s to stop.
So, the impluse should be :
(mv-mu) / t
=[(100 * 50) - (100 * 0)] / 4
= 1250N (it is a force)

And by the equation of impluse : (mv - mu) / t
The larger the time, the smaller the impluse. Oppositly, the smaller the time, the larger the impluse