badminton的歷史(10分)

History and development

Battledore and Shuttlecock, an antecedent to the modern game of Badminton. 1854, from the John Leech Archive[1]Badminton is widely believed to have originated in ancient Greece about 2000 years ago. From there it spread via the Indo-Greek kingdoms to Indian and then further east to China and Siam (now Thailand).

In England since medieval times a children's game called Battledore and Shuttlecock was popular. Children would use paddles (Battledores) and work together to keep the Shuttlecock up in the air and prevent it from reaching the ground. It was popular enough to be a nuisance on the street of London in 1854 when the magazine Punch published a cartoon depicting it.

In the 1860s, British Army officers in Pune, India, began playing the game of Battledore and Shuttlecock, but they added a competitive element by including a net. As the city of Pune was formerly known as Poona, the game was known as Poona at that time.

About this same time, the Duke of Beaufort was entertaining soldiers at his estate called "Badminton House", where the soldiers played Poona. The Duke of Beaufort’s non-military guests began referring to the game as "the badminton game", and thus the game became known as "badminton".

In 1877, the first badminton club in the world, Bath Badminton Club, transcribed the rules of badminton for the first time. However, in 1893, the Badminton Association of England published the first proper set of rules, similar to that of today, and officially launched badminton in a house called 'Dunbar' at 6 Waverley Grove, Portsmouth, England on September 13 of that year. They also started the All England Open Badminton Championships, the first badminton competition in the world, in 1899.

The International Badminton Federation (IBF) was established in 1934 with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and Wales as its founding members. India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The IBF now governs international badminton and develops the sport globally.

History of badminton
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It is known that around 1860, the daughters of the Duke of Beutfort were playing battledore and shuttlecock in the great hall of Badminton House of the Somerset family in Gloucestershire, England. To add a little variety, they rigged up a string across the hall from the doorway to the fireplace and the aim of the game was to try to keep the shuttle going by batting it to each other over the string. Mr J L Baldwin suggested that it would be more amusing if the shuttle was to be hit away from instead of towards players on the other side of the string. The sport of badminton was such created.

By the mid to late 1870s indoor clubs were formed in England and in no time at all clubs were wishing to pit their skills against each other. It is interesting to note that there were no shuttlecock manufacturers in those days, so players had to make their own shuttlecocks from whatever materials available. Until 1893, when the Badminton Association of England was formed, there were no laws governing the size of court dimensions, numbers of players or scoring.

Since then badminton has developed into a true sport for all. It can be played by men or women, young or old, and it is also thriving in sporting competitions for the disabled. Size or strength give no particular advantage: it is a game of technical and tactical skill which at international level demands high levels of fitness. Badminton is one of the few sports in which women can compete on equal terms in a partnership with a man. Indeed, mixed doubles is regarded as one of the most entertaining forms of competition.