英文文法一問

英文時式
http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/pssvchrt.html

PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT
Passive form:
have/has been + past participle
had been + past participle
Active: Present Perfect
I have mailed the gift.
Jack has mailed the gifts. Passive: Present Perfect
The gift has been mailed by me.
The gifts have been mailed by Jack.
Active: Past Perfect
Steven Spielberg had directed the movie.
Penny Marshall had directed those movies. Passive: Past Perfect
The movie had been directed by Steven Spielberg.
The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall.

這個網頁一定幫到你的,內有很多時態,時式.還有一個英文網頁都很好的

http://www.english-zone.com/verbs/pssvchrt.html

P.P = Present Perfect Tense 現在完成式 (你問題中的 P.P 屬這種)
= Past Perfect Tense 過去完成式

have + P.P 及 have been + P.P 兩者的主要分別 :
have + P.P 是主動句 active voice:
eg. The wind have blown the door open. 強風把大門吹開了。

have been + P.P 是被動句 passive voice:
eg. The door have been blown open by the wind. 大門被強風吹開了。

Have +PP : Present prefect tense in active way

Eg. I have sent an email to Alice.

Have been +PP : Present prefect tense in passive way

Eg. An email has been sent to Alice by me.

Hope this help!!