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Nile 尼羅河
Nile
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Egypt_Nil.jpg/288px-Egypt_Nil.jpg
The River Nile in Egypt Origin Africa Mouth Mediterranean Sea Basin countries Sudan, Burundi, Rwanda, DR Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Egypt Length 6,695 km (4,160 mi) Source elevation 1,134 m (3,721 ft) Avg. discharge 2,830 m³/s (99,956 ft³/s) Basin area 3,400,000 km² (1,312,740 mi²) The Nile (Arabic: النيل, translit: an-nīl, Ancient Egyptian iteru) is a major north-flowing river in Africa, often regarded as the longest river on Earth, although some sources claim the Amazon in South America is longer.[1] The Nile has two major tributaries, the White Nile and Blue Nile, the latter being the source of most of the Nile's water and fertile soil, but the former being the longer of the two. The White Nile rises in the Great Lakes region of central Africa, with the most distant source in southern Rwanda 2°16′55.92″S, 29°19′52.32″E, and flows north from there through Tanzania, Lake Victoria, Uganda and southern Sudan, while the Blue Nile starts at Lake Tana in Ethiopia, flowing into Sudan from the southeast. The two rivers meet near the Sudanese capital Khartoum.
The northern section of the river flows almost entirely through desert, from Sudan into Egypt, a country whose civilization has depended on the river since ancient times. Most of the population of Egypt and all of its cities, with the exception of those near the coast, lie along those parts of the Nile valley north of Aswan; and nearly all the cultural and historical sites of Ancient Egypt are found along the banks of the river.
The Nile ends in a large delta that empties into the Mediterranean Sea.
1 Etymology of the word Nile2 Tributaries 2.1 White Nile2.2 Blue Nile 3 Hydrology4 Distributaries or branches5 History 5.1 Role in the founding of Egyptian civilization5.2 The search for the source of the Nile 6 The river today7 Flooding of the Nile8 The Eonile9 See also10 References11 External links
Etymology of the word Nile
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/00/Iteru.png
The word "Nile" (Arab. 'nīl) comes from the Greek word Neilos (Νειλος), meaning river valley. The ancient Egyptians called the Nile iteru, meaning "big river", represented by the hieroglyphs shown on the right (literally itrw).[2]
Tributaries
圖片參考:
http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png
East Africa, showing the course of the River Nile, with the "Blue" and "White" Niles marked in those colours The drainage basin of the Nile covers 3,254,555 km², about 10% of the area of Africa [1].
There are two great Tributaries of the Nile: the White Nile, beginning in equatorial East Africa, and the Blue Nile, beginning in Ethiopia. Both branches are on the western flanks of the East African Rift, the southern part of the Great Rift Valley. Another less important one is Atbara which flows only while there is rain in Ethiopia and dries very fast.