長笛吹孔形狀問題

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Embouchure Hole and Riser Shapes (Undercutting/Overcutting)
The shape of the embouchure hole and the amount and type of overcutting and undercutting of the riser also greatly affect the performance of a flute. French style holes are more oval and allow more variation in tone color due to the more varied blowing wall. This also makes the tone softer but allows for greater dynamic range within its dynamic limits. They are very flexible in this regard but are less aggressive than many people prefer. Square holes by virtue of their relatively long and straight blowing edges are much louder since more of the air stream consistently interacts with the blowing edge creating more edge tones. The blowing edge angle is 7 degrees from the center axis of the tube. A sharp edge is more responsive but can sometimes become too "hissy" (sometimes related to other variables of sharp angles elsewhere in the riser.) Too dull an edge or unevenness in the blowing wall will create a very unresponsive headjoint. These are critical areas for flute performance and must be adjusted properly for the desired performance. Undercutting and overcutting are found on the sides of the riser. These operations are performed to reduce turbulent airflow at the sharp edges resulting in a free blowing headjoint. The sides of the risers can themselves be somewhat angled or curved. Too much undercutting or overcutting can cause the 3rd register to play out of tune, so care must be taken to keep the hole proportions in order. A typical traditional cut consists of a .400" width X .478" L, with a diagonal measurment .499" This is a very square cut shape with a modest undercut and overcut. The diagonal measurement determines the amount of squareness or ovalness. In this instance, a dimension of .499", given the W x L measurements, provides for a very square hole shape. (The riser height is measured at .202") A good template is essential for matching a riser shape.