✔ 最佳答案
There are 12 types of tenses. They are:
1) 現在式 Simple Present tense:
表示:
(1) 現在的動作或狀態;
(2) 經常性的動作或狀態。
eg. We often read newspapers.
2) 過去式 Simple Past Tense:
表示:過去的動作或狀態。
eg. He went yesterday.
3) 將來式 Simple Future Tense:
will / shall﹝英﹞ + Root Form
表示將來發生的動作或狀態。
eg. We shall go to Shanghai tomorrow.
eg. He will graduate next year.
字眼: tomorrow, next, again
4) 現在完成式 Present Perfect Tense :
have / has + 動詞的過去分詞
表示:
(1) 已經完成但與現在仍有關聯的動作或狀態;
(2) 過去已經開始並持續到現在的動作或狀態;
(3) 經驗過的動作或狀態。
eg. I have written a letter this morning. 我今早己寫完一封信。
eg. Has he gone? 他已走了嗎〈剛走了嗎〉?
Yes, he has gone. 他已走了〈剛走了〉。
eg. Where have you been?你去過哪裏?
I have been to City Hall. 我去過大會堂。
5) 過去完成式 Past Perfect Tense:
表示: 過去某一時間之前已經完成的動作或狀態
had + 動詞的過去分詞
eg. I had taken my supper when he arrived. 當他到達時,我已吃完我的晚餐。
eg. I had finished my homework when I watched television.
eg. After I had done my work, I played tennis.
若用了 *After* 這個詞,可不用過去完成時態,因已有「之後」的含意。即:After I did my work, I played tennis.
在這種情況下,*After I did my work*是:
*Simple past Tense in form, but past perfect Tense in meaning.*
(形式上是一般過去時態,但意義上是過去完成時態)
6) 將來完成式 Future Prefect Tense:
will ( shall ) have + 動詞的過去分詞
表示: 將來某一時間之前已經完成的動作或狀態
使用這種時態,多會涉及兩個動作或狀態。一個在前,一個在後。
敘述前面的動作或狀態,動詞要用將來完成時態;敘述後面的動作
或狀態,動詞要用一般現在時態。
eg. We will have completed the work before you come. 在你來之前,我們將完成工作。
eg. When I have taken my supper, I will take a walk with you. 當我吃完晚餐時,我將和你散步。
7) 現在進行式 Present Continuous Tense:
am / are / is + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 現在正在進行的動作或狀態.
eg. I am going to school.
eg. He is playing ball.
8) 過去進行式 Past Continuous Tense:
was / were + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 過去某一時間內正在進行的動作或狀態
eg. He was sleeping when I saw him yesterday.
9) 將來進行式 Future Continuous Tense:
will ( shall ) be + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 將來某一時間內正在進行的動作或狀態
eg. We will be waiting for you at the hotel tomorrow.
10) 現在完成進行式 Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
have ( has ) been + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 過去已經開始而到現在還正在進行的動作或狀態
eg. I have been reading this book for a week.
eg. I have been waiting for him since three o'clock.
11) 過去完成進行式 Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
had been + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 過去某一時間以前已經開始而到那時還正在進行的動作或狀態
eg. They had been playing ball for an hour when you reached the playground.
12) 將來完成進行 Future Perfect Continuous Tense:
will ( shall ) have been + 動詞的現在分詞
表示: 將來某一時間以前已經開始而到那時還正在進行的動作或狀態
eg. I will have been studying English for five years when you begin.