Surrealism

Surrealism,
movement in visual art and literature, flourishing in Europe between World Wars I and II.
Surrealist painters
Jean Arp,
Max Ernst,
André Masson,
René Magritte,
Yves Tanguy,
Salvador Dalí,
Pierre Roy,
Paul Delvaux,
and Joan Miró.
With its emphasis on content and free form, Surrealism provided a major alternative to the contemporary, highly formalistic Cubist movement and was largely responsible for perpetuating in modern painting the traditional emphasis on content.

1, Dali (1904-1989)
Relying on great craftsmanship, acquired in all sorts of art experiments, he lifted surrealism, in an inimitable self-willed manner, to exceptional heights. He photographed, as it were, associatively what was enacted in his mind. Incited by, a new psychological insights he tried to fix his subconscious with images, and to visualize his dreams in all their inscrutable symbolism. It was for this purpose that he developed his famous "paranoid-critical" method.
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2,Jean Arp
"German-French sculptor, painter and poet. In 1916 he was a founder member of Dada in Zurich, he participated in the Berlin Dada exhibition of 1920, and in 1923 he visited Schwitters in Hanover. In Paris, Arp began to evolve his personal style of abstract compositions through an organic morphology, frequently sensuous in form, and began to experiment with automatic composition (automatism).
http://www.artchive.com/artchive/A/arp.html

3,Max Ernst (1891 - 1976)
The German painter-poet Max Ernst was a member of the dada movement and a founderof surrealism. A self-taught artist, he formed a Dada group in Cologne, Germany, with other avant-garde artists. He pioneered a method called frottage, in which a sheet of paper is placed on the surface of an objectand then penciled over until the texture of the surface is transferred. In 1925, he showed his work at the first surrealist painting exhibition in Paris.

http://www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/~malek/Ernst.html

4,PIERRE ROY
1880-1950

Pierre Roy a relative of the famous French writer Jules Vernes was borned in Nantes in 1880. One of the original surrealists, Roy may be considered an immediate father of magic realism or superrealism. When he was 30 he met fauvist creators and writers Salmon, Appolinaire and Max Jacob. Later he met Paul Eluard, Philippe Soupault, Marcel Duchamp and Picabia and became interested in surrealism. The first group exhibition of surrealist artists was in 1925 at the Galerie Pierre; it included Jean Arp, Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst, Paul Klee, Andre Masson, Joan Miro, Man Ray, Picasso and Pierre Roy.



http://www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/~malek/Surrealism/Roy1.html

5,Joan Miró (1893 - 1983)

Spanish painter, whose surrealist works, with their subject matter drawn from the realm of memory and imaginative fantasy, are some of the most original of the 20th century.
Miró was born April 20, 1893, in Barcelona and studied at the Barcelona School of Fine Arts and the Academia Galí. His work before 1920 shows wide-ranging influences, including the bright colors of the Fauves, the broken forms of cubism, and the powerful, flat two-dimensionality of Catalan folk art and Romanesque church frescoes of his native Spain. He moved to Paris in 1920, where, under the influence of surrealist poets and writers, he evolved his mature style. Miró drew on memory, fantasy, and the irrational to create works of art that are visual analogues of surrealist poetry.
http://www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/~malek/Miro.html

1.Jean Arp 1886-1966 German/French Painter/Sculptor

2Marcel Duchamp 1887-1968 French/American Conceptual Artist

3.Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978 Greek/Italian Painter/Sculptor

4,Man Ray 1890-1976 American Photographer/Painter

5,Max Ernst 1891-1976 German/French Painter

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Surrealism

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Surrealism[1] is a movement stating that the liberation of our mind, and subsequently the liberation of the individual self and society, can be achieved by exercising the imaginative faculties of the "unconscious mind" to the attainment of a dream-like state different from, or ultimately ‘truer’ than, everyday reality.
Surrealists believe that this more truthful reality can bring about personal, cultural, and social revolution, and a life of freedom, poetry, and uninhibited sexuality. André Breton said that such a revealed truth would be beatific, or in his own words, "beauty will be convulsive or not at all."
In more mundane terms, the word "surreal" is often used colloquially to describe unexpected juxtapositions or use of non-sequiturs in art or dialog. When the concept of surrealism has been "applied" by associated groups of individuals, it has often been called a "surrealist movement," whether cultural (including artistic) or social.







Contents[hide]

1 Surrealist thoughts
2 Surrealism in politics

2.1 Black Surrealism
3 Surrealism in the arts and media

3.1 Surrealism in the arts

3.1.1 Surrealism in visual arts

3.1.1.1 Early visual arts Surrealism
3.1.1.2 1930s
3.1.1.3 World War II and beyond
3.1.2 Surrealism in literature & as a school of poetry
3.1.3 Surrealism in music
3.1.4 Surrealism in film
3.1.5 Surrealism in television
3.1.6 Surrealism in comedy
3.1.7 Surrealism in theater
4 Impact of Surrealism
5 Critiques of Surrealism

5.1 Feminist
5.2 Freudian
5.3 Situationist
6 See also
7 References
8 Sources
9 External links